ZAKAT PRODUKTIF BERBASIS MODAL USAHA OLEH BAZNAS KOTA BANDUNG TAHUN 2023-2025 DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN MAQĀṢID AL-SHARĪ‘AH
Keywords:
Productive Zakat; Business Capital Assistance; Islamic Law; Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah; BAZNAS.Abstract
Zakat is an important instrument in Islamic economics that functions not only as a form of worship but also as a mechanism for poverty alleviation and economic empowerment. In recent years, productive zakat has increasingly been developed through business capital assistance programs aimed at improving the economic capacity of beneficiaries (mustaḥiq). However, discussions regarding its conformity with Islamic law and its relevance to maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah remain significant. This study aims to analyze the implementation of productive zakat based on business capital assistance at BAZNAS Bandung City, identify its challenges and solutions, examine it from the perspective of Islamic law, and assess its relevance to maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. This research employed a qualitative approach with a juridical-normative design supported by field research. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, documentation, and literature review, and analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña. The findings reveal that productive zakat at BAZNAS Bandung City is implemented through systematic stages, including beneficiary selection, business feasibility verification, capital distribution, and business monitoring. The main challenges include limited funding, inadequate managerial capacity among beneficiaries, and limited mentoring. From the perspective of Islamic law, the program complies with the principles of tamlīk, proper zakat distribution, and public benefit (maṣlaḥah). Furthermore, the program is strongly relevant to maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, particularly in promoting ḥifẓ al-māl and ḥifẓ al-nafs. These findings indicate that productive zakat can serve as an effective instrument for sustainable economic empowerment while remaining consistent with Islamic legal principles and maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah.
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